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Science and technology is a term of art used to encompass the relationship between science and technology. It frequently appears within titles of academic disciplines and government offices. So much of contemporary technology is based on the sciences, particularly such disciplines as physics, chemistry, biology, and other sciences that deal with the study, measurement, and understanding of natural phenomena. The technological advancements and scientific achievements that so greatly influence our lifestyle and impact our lives is all because of scientist who put science and technology together.

Technology is a broad concept that deals with a species' usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt to its environment. The human race's use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools. The prehistorical discovery of the ability to control fire increased the available sources of food and the invention of the wheel helped humans in traveling in and controlling their environment. Recent technological developments, including the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet, have lessened physical barriers to communication and allowed humans to interact on a global scale.

Technologies are not usually exclusively products of science, because they have to satisfy requirements such as utility, usability and safety. Science is the reasoned investigation or study of phenomena, aimed at discovering enduring principles among elements of the phenomenal world by employing formal techniques such as the scientific method. Apart from this its also not a complete product of engineering. Engineering is the goal-oriented process of designing and making tools and systems to exploit natural phenomena for practical human means, often (but not always) using results and techniques from science. The development of technology may draw upon many fields of knowledge, including scientific, engineering, mathematical, linguistic, and historical knowledge, to achieve some practical result.

The exact relations between science and technology in particular have been debated by scientists, historians, and policymakers in the late 20th century, in part because the debate can inform the funding of basic and applied science. Technology is often a consequence of science and engineering — although technology as a human activity precedes the two fields. In this sense, scientists and engineers may both be considered technologists; the three fields are often considered as one for the purposes of research and reference.


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